What is the primary purpose of ailerons on an aircraft?

The primary purpose of ailerons on an aircraft is to control roll. Ailerons are hinged flight control surfaces located on the trailing edges of the wings. When a pilot moves the control yoke or stick to the left or right, one aileron moves upward while the other moves downward. This differential movement creates a change in lift on each wing; the wing with the downward-moving aileron generates more lift, causing that wing to rise, while the opposite wing drops. This action enables the aircraft to roll, allowing it to bank into turns or adjust its orientation relative to the horizon. Understanding the function of ailerons is crucial for effective aircraft maneuvering, especially during turns and in maintaining stability during flight.