What happens when the rudder is applied during a turn?

When the rudder is applied during a turn, it plays a crucial role in coordinating the aircraft's movement. Specifically, it helps to counteract adverse yaw, which is the tendency of an aircraft to yaw away from the direction of the turn due to unequal lift and drag on the wings.

When a pilot initiates a turn by banking the aircraft, the wing on the outside of the turn generates more lift and thus experiences more drag. This drag causes the aircraft to yaw in the opposite direction of the turn, which can lead to a loss of coordination and an uncoordinated turn. By applying rudder input in the direction of the turn, the pilot can effectively counter this adverse yaw, allowing the aircraft to maintain a balanced flight path throughout the turn. Consequently, the aircraft will turn more smoothly and efficiently, making for a safer maneuver.

The other choices do not accurately describe the function of the rudder during a turn; climbing rate, engine thrust enhancement, and pitch stabilization are managed primarily by a different set of controls and inputs.