What does the elevator control?

The elevator is a primary flight control surface located on the tail of an aircraft, and its main function is to control the pitch of the aircraft. Pitch refers to the angle of the aircraft's nose in relation to the horizon. When the pilot moves the control yoke or stick forward or backward, it deflects the elevator up or down. This deflection alters the airflow over the tail, causing the nose of the aircraft to rise or fall. Raising the elevator pushes the tail down and the nose up, increasing the pitch angle, while lowering the elevator allows the tail to rise and the nose to drop, decreasing the pitch angle. This essential control enables pilots to climb, descend, and maintain level flight at various airspeeds and altitudes, making it crucial for safe and effective aircraft operation.