How does turbulence affect flight controls?

Turbulence affects flight controls primarily by introducing sudden and variable changes in control effectiveness. When an aircraft encounters turbulence, the airflow over the control surfaces can become erratic, resulting in a quick alteration of the forces acting on the ailerons, elevators, and rudder. This can lead to unexpected and often sharp movements of the aircraft, requiring pilots to adjust their inputs frequently to maintain desired flight attitudes and altitude.

In such conditions, the pilots must be particularly attentive as these sudden changes can affect the stability and handling of the aircraft, demanding a higher level of skill and prompt reaction. This understanding is crucial for safe flying, especially in variable weather conditions where turbulence is common.