How do spoilers function during flight?

Spoilers play a crucial role in aircraft flight, particularly in roll control and managing descent. When deployed on the wings, spoilers disrupt the airflow, reducing lift and increasing drag on that side of the aircraft. This action assists the pilot in executing a controlled roll, allowing for sharper turns by decreasing the lift on one wing while maintaining lift on the other.

Moreover, spoilers are also employed to help with descent during approaches or when descending after a climb. By increasing drag, they allow the aircraft to descend more rapidly without an increase in airspeed, providing more control over the descent profile. This capability is vital during landing approaches and when managing airspeed and altitude.

While spoilers do contribute somewhat to reducing vibrations and managing fuel efficiency by providing better aerodynamic control, their primary functions during flight are roll control and enhancing descent performance.